Researchers suggest careful follow-up in asymptomatic patients and note that no further workup is needed if they localize in the nasal or temporal sides of the optic disc and don’t increase in volume.
These included hallucinations, depression, agitation, psychosis and mania, but some of this relationship may be explained by age, comorbidities and other factors.
Hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, disc hyperemia, pallor and peripapillary wrinkling, when taken together, classified visual field decline with about 74% accuracy.